A patient with AIDS develops severe headaches. A CT scan demonstrates multiple ring-enhancing lesions of the brain. What diagnosis is most likely? Toxoplasmosis Histoplasmosis Lymphoma Cytomegalovirus Herpes encephalitis Answer: A Toxoplasmosis Toxoplasmosis occurs commonly in HIV and is a parasitic infection causing ring-enhancing lesions (but lots of things can cause ring-enhancing lesions). CMV is common […]
Daily PANCE and PANRE
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 25
A patient with AIDS develops severe headaches. A CT scan demonstrates multiple ring-enhancing lesions of the brain. What diagnosis is most likely? A. Toxoplasmosis B. Histoplasmosis C. lymphoma D. Cytomegalovirus E. Herpes encephalitis Answer: A Toxo occurs commonly in HTV, and is a parasitic infection causing ring-enhancing lesions (but lots of things can cause ring-enhancing […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 22
A patient presents complaining of generalized swelling. Her urine is positive for protein. Her serum testing reveals hyperlipidemia and hypoalbuminemia. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? cirrhosis nephrotic syndrome congestive heart failure cystitis pyelonephritis Answer: B Nephrotic syndrome This is a classic presentation of nephrotic syndrome. Note: * This is part of […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 22
A patient presents complaining of generalized swelling. Her urine is positive for protein. Her serum testing reveals hyperlipidemia and hypoalbuminemia. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A. cirrhosis B. nephrotic syndrome C. congestive heart failure D. cystitits E. pyelonephritis Answer: B, nephrotic syndrome This is a classic presentation of nephrotic syndrome. […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 21
This papulosquamous eruption is most common in young adults. A single oval patch is generally noted several days before a more generalized, fawn-colored rash erupts. This rash is most prevalent on the trunk, and the proximal upper and lower extremities. The rash spontaneously disappears over 5 to 6 weeks. The diagnosis is: pityriasis rosea tinea […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 21
This papulosquamous eruption is most common in young adults. A single oval patch is generally noted several days before a more generalized, fawn-colored rash erupts. This rash is most prevalent on the trunk, and the proximal upper and lower extremities. The rash spontaneously disappears over 5 to 6 weeks. The diagnosis is: A. pityriasis rosea. […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 20
A female in her third trimester of pregnancy developed hypertension, diffuse edema, proteinuria, and hyperreflexia. She was treated with intravenous magnesium sulfate and is now hyporeflexic and drowsy. What do you prescribe now? calcium diazepam an amphetamine additional magnesium oxygen Answer: A Calcium Pre-eclampsia causes hyperreflexia. Magnesium is the treatment. The sign of magnesium toxicity […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 20
A female in her third trimester of pregnancy developed hypertension, diffuse edema, proteinuria and hyperreflexia. She was treated with intravenous magnesium sulfate and is now hyporeflexic and drowsy. What do you prescribe now? A. calcium B. diazepam C. an amphetamine D. additional magnesium E. oxygen Answer: A, calcium Pre-eclampsia causes hyper-reflexia. Magnesium is the treatment. […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 19
A 55-year-old male presents complaining of “difficulty writing” using his dominant hand and some “slurred” speech. He has a h/o hypertension, DM type II, and hypertriglyceridemia. Which of the following would you anticipate to find on a CT scan of his head, as the explanation for his chief complaint? hemorrhage in the distribution of his […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 19
A 55 year-old male presents complaining of “difficulty wrtiing” using his dominant hand and some “slurred” speech. He has a h/o hypertension, DM type II, and hypertriglyceridemia. Which of the following would you anticipate to find on a CT scan of his head, as the explanation for his chief complaint? A. hemorrhage in the distribution […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 18
A 6 year-old child falls onto his right arm. An x-ray demonstrates a buckle in the cortices of the distal radius, proximal to the growth plate, without angulation. What is the term used to describe this fracture? A Salter-Harris Type III B Salter Harris Type IV C Salter Harris Type V D torus E greenstick […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 18
A 6-year-old child falls onto his right arm. An x-ray demonstrates a buckle in the cortices of the distal radius, proximal to the growth plate, without angulation. What is the term used to describe this fracture? Salter-Harris Type III Salter-Harris Type IV Salter-Harris Type V torus greenstick Answer: D Torus fracture Torus or buckle fracture […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 17
A patient warrants antihypertensive medication use for the duration of her pregnancy. Which of the following is the antihypertensive recommended for such patients? A alpha-methyldopa B captopril C nifedipine D propranolol E clonidine Answer: A Methyl Dopa (Aldomet) is indicated in pregnancy. ACEI’s (captopril) are contraindicated in pg. B-Blockers can be used but may cause […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 17
A patient warrants antihypertensive medication use for the duration of her pregnancy. Which of the following is the antihypertensive recommended for such patients? alpha-methyldopa captopril nifedipine propranolol clonidine Answer: A Alpha-methyldopa Methyldopa (Aldomet) is indicated in pregnancy. ACEI’s (captopril) are contraindicated in pregnancy. ß Blockers can be used but may cause growth restriction. Diuretics are not […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 16
All of the following are factors that predispose a patient to the development of gastroesophageal reflux EXCEPT: A hiatal hernia. B pregnancy C scleroderma. D an incompetent esophageal sphincter E pernicious anemia. Answer: E Pernicious anemia has no correlation with GERD. It is an autoimmune destruction of the gastric parietal cells that make intrinsic factor. […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 16
All of the following are factors that predispose a patient to the development of gastroesophageal reflux EXCEPT: hiatal hernia pregnancy scleroderma an incompetent esophageal sphincter pernicious anemia Answer: E Pernicious anemia Pernicious anemia has no correlation with GERD. It is an autoimmune destruction of the gastric parietal cells that make intrinsic factor. Signs & symptoms […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 15
Which of the following thyroid profiles is most compatible with a diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism? a low TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) level and a high T4 a low TSH level and a normal T4 a low TSH level and a low T4 a high TSH level and a low T4 a high TSH and a […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 15
Which of the following thyroid profiles is most compatible with a diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism? A a low TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) level and a high T4 B a low TSH level and a normal T4 C a low TSH level and a low T4 D a high TSH level and a low T4 E […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 14
Which white blood cell disorder is characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome in 90% of cases? chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) multiple myeloma Answer: C Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) – (Philadelphia CreaM cheese) Philadelphia Chromosome occurs in CML. ALL occurs in children. […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 14
Which white blood cell disorder is characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome in 90% of cases? A chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) C chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) D acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) E multiple myeloma Answer: C Philadelphia Chromosome occurs in CML. ALL occurs in children. AML is associated […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 13
A 22-year-old patient was involved in an automobile accident and is comatose. Which of the following diagnostic modalities would be least useful in this patient’s evaluation? CT scan skull radiographs MRI scan EEG PET scan Answer: B Skull radiographs Of these choices, the skull film is LEAST useful. Whether or not the skull is fractured, […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 13
A 22 year-old patient was involved in an automobile accident and is comatose. Which of the following diagnostic modalities would be least useful in this patient’s evaluation? A CT scan B skull radiographs C MRI scan D EEG E PET scan Answer: B Of these choices, the skull film is LEAST useful. Whether or not […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 12
A 42-year-old female presents after finding a firm, painless bump in her right eyelid. On examination, you note a 6 mm mass within the tarsus of the right eye. The skin is freely movable over the mass. The remainder of the ophthalmoscopic examination is unremarkable. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? pterygium […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 12
A 42 year-old female presents after finding a firm, painless bump in her right eyelid. On examination, you note a 6 mm mass within the tarsus of the right eye. The skin is freely movable over the mass. The remainder of the ophthalmoscopic examination is unremarkable. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 11
Combinations of antimicrobial agents are commonly employed in the treatment of meningitis in infants less than three months old. Ampicillin is commonly an agent included in this regimen. Ampicillin is used empirically for the possible presence of: Escherichia coli Listeria monocytogenes Cytomegalovirus Herpesvirus Haemophilus influenzae Answer: B Listeria monocytogenes While E. Coli can infect an […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 11
Combinations of antimicrobial agents are commonly employed in the treatment of meningitis in infants less than three months old. Ampicillin is commonly an agent included in this regimen. Ampicillin is used empirically for the possible presence of: A Escherichia coli. B Listeria monocytogenes. C Cytomegalovirus. D Herpesvirus. E Hemophilus influenzae. Answer: B While E. Coli […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 10
An EKG demonstrates a PR interval of 0.16 seconds, a P to QRS relationship of 1:1, a variable heart rate and an R to R interval that is noted to accelerate and decelerate during the respiratory cycle. What is the diagnosis? Wenckebach third-degree heart block atrial fibrillation sinus arrhythmia atrial flutter Answer: D sinus arrhythmia […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 10
An EKG demonstrates a PR interval of 0.16 seconds, a P to QRS relationship of 1:1, a variable heart rate and an R to R interval that is noted to accelerate ad decelerate during the respiratory cycle. What is the diagnosis? A Wenckebach B third degree heart block C atrial fibrillation D sinus arrhythmia E […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 9
While suturing a wound, you opt to use lidocaine with epinephrine. The rationale for your choice is: an increase in the absorption of the lidocaine an increase in the diffusion of the lidocaine into the nerve’s myelin sheath an increase in the blood flow to the area of injection an increase in the duration of […]
The Daily PANCE & PANRE Question 9
While suturing a wound, you opt to use lidocaine with epinephrine. The rationale for your choice is: A an increase in the absorption of the lidocaine. B an increase in the diffusion of the lidocaine into the nerve’s myelin sheath. C an increase in the blood flow to the area of injection. D an increase […]